Deuterium, Isotope, DDW
Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen. An isotope is a variant of the same element with a different number of neutrons. DDW is the abbreviation for deuterium-depleted water, that is, water with reduced deuterium content.
Heavy water, natural water, ppm
Heavy water is enriched in deuterium, unlike DDW. Natural water is water with isotopic ratios found in the environment. PPM means parts per million and expresses a concentration.
Lot, analysis, traceability
A lot is an identifiable group of products made under similar conditions. An analysis useful should be able to be linked to lot, method and date. These are verifiable data, not promises.
Placebo, randomization, replication
A placebo helps with comparison. Randomization distributes participants randomly. Replication means obtaining similar results from independent teams. They support confidence in a conclusion.